Australia and Indonesia Economies: A Side-by-Side Table Comparison

When comparing Australia and Indonesia, notable differences emerge. Indonesia’s population is about 10.6 times larger, while Australia boasts a surface area 4 times greater. Economically, Australia has a GDP 1.28 times larger and a GDP per capita 86% higher. In defense spending, Australia invests over 3 times more.

Basic Indicators

Indicator	Australia	Indonesia	Comparison
Population source (2022 data), updated 2024	26.01 million (54th)	275.50 million (4th)	Indonesia’s population is approximately 10.6 times larger than Australia’s.
Surface area (sq. km) source (2022 data), updated 2024	7.74 million sq. km (6th)	1.92 million sq. km (14th)	Australia is 4.03 times larger than Indonesia.
GDP source (2022 data), updated 2024	1,692.96B USD (12th)	1,319.10B USD (16th)	Australia’s total GDP is approximately 1.28 times larger than Indonesia’s.
GDP per capita source (2022 data), updated 2024	$65,100 (13th)	4,788 USD (113th)	Australia’s GDP per capita is roughly 86% higher than Indonesia’s, with Australians producing about $60,312 more per person annually.

Economic Indexes

Index	Australia	Indonesia	Comparison
HDI (Human Development Index) source (2022 data), updated 2024	0.946 (10th)	0.713 (104th)	Australia’s HDI is 0.946 (very high), while Indonesia’s is 0.713 (medium). Australia’s score is 0.233 higher, indicating significantly better human development overall.
Index of Economic Freedom source (2024 data)	76.2 (12th)	63.5 (50th)	Australia’s Index of Economic Freedom is 20% higher than Indonesia’s, 12.7 points more.
GINI source (2022 data), updated 2024	34.3 (2018 est.)	37.9 (2022 est.)	With a 10% higher Gini coefficient, Indonesia has a higher degree of income inequality than Australia.

International trade _{source(2023 data), updated 2024}

Indicator	Australia	Indonesia
Total imports	363.57B USD	264.43B
Imports % of GDP	19.71%	20.90%
Main import partners	China 28%, US 10%, South Korea 6%, Japan 6%, Singapore 5%	China 31%, Singapore 10%, Japan 6%, Malaysia 5%, Thailand 5%
Main import items	refined petroleum, cars, garments, trucks, plastic products	refined petroleum, crude petroleum, vehicle parts/accessories, natural gas, plastics
Total exports	447.51B USD	292.79B
Exports % of GDP	25.43%	24.49%
Main export Partners	China 29%, Japan 19%, South Korea 10%, India 7%, Taiwan 6%	China 21%, US 10%, Japan 8%, India 8%, Malaysia 5%
Main export items	coal, iron ore, natural gas, gold, wheat	coal, palm oil, iron alloys, natural gas, steel

Australia’s imports are 37% higher than Indonesia’s, but it spends 6% less of its GDP on imports compared to Indonesia. Australia’s exports are 1.5 times Indonesia’s, with more focus on minerals and gold, while Indonesia leans towards palm oil and steel.

Military Power _{source (2023 data), updated 2024}

Indicator	Australia	Indonesia
Military expenditure	32.3B USD	9.5B USD
Military expenditure (% of GDP)	1.90%	0.70%
Active military	59k	405k
Active military per 1,000 capita	3.8	3.9

Australia’s military expenditure is over three times larger than Indonesia’s at $32.34 billion compared to $9.48 billion, and Australia allocates a significantly higher percentage of its GDP to defense at 1.90% versus Indonesia’s 0.70%.